mib 파일 등록하기 (ubuntu에 넣는 방법)

저는 다운로드 받은 파일에 확장자가 txt가 붙었네요.

확장자가 붙은 경우 txt 확장자를 제거해주시거나, ubuntu로 옮긴 후 확장자 제거해 주세요.

1. 윈도우즈

C:\Users\test\Downloads>scp .\FORTINET-CORE-MIB.txt .\FORTINET-FORTIGATE-MIB.txt logmgmt@192.168.0.100:~
ID@192.168.0.100's password:
FORTINET-CORE-MIB.txt                                                                 100%   15KB   4.9MB/s   00:00
FORTINET-FORTIGATE-MIB.txt                                                            100%  397KB  24.2MB/s   00:00

C:\Users\test\Downloads>

 

2. ubuntu

logmgmt@syslogserver:~$ ls -al
total 8492
drwxr-x--- 14 logmgmt logmgmt    4096  2월  6 15:55 .
drwxr-xr-x  3 root    root       4096 11월 28 13:53 ..
-rw-------  1 logmgmt logmgmt   43176  2월  6 12:26 .bash_history
-rw-r--r--  1 logmgmt logmgmt     220 11월 28 13:53 .bash_logout
-rw-r--r--  1 logmgmt logmgmt    3771 11월 28 13:53 .bashrc
drwx------ 11 logmgmt logmgmt    4096  1월 12 16:59 .cache
drwx------ 11 logmgmt logmgmt    4096 11월 28 18:07 .config
-rw-------  1 logmgmt logmgmt      20 12월 28 10:44 .lesshst
drwx------  5 logmgmt logmgmt    4096  1월 12 17:15 .local
-rw-r--r--  1 logmgmt logmgmt     807 11월 28 13:53 .profile
-rw-------  1 logmgmt logmgmt       5  1월 12 16:44 .python_history
-rw-r--r--  1 logmgmt logmgmt       0 11월 28 18:04 .sudo_as_admin_successful
-rw-rw-r--  1 logmgmt logmgmt     254 12월 22 17:57 .wget-hsts
-rw-rw-r--  1 logmgmt logmgmt   15309  2월  6 15:55 FORTINET-CORE-MIB.txt
-rw-rw-r--  1 logmgmt logmgmt  406521  2월  6 15:55 FORTINET-FORTIGATE-MIB.txt
-rw-rw-r--  1 logmgmt logmgmt 8134656  1월 15 14:37 elastalert.txt
drwx------  5 logmgmt logmgmt    4096 12월 26 17:51 snap
drwxr-xr-x  2 logmgmt logmgmt    4096 11월 28 16:14 공개
drwxr-xr-x  2 logmgmt logmgmt    4096 11월 28 16:14 다운로드
drwxr-xr-x  2 logmgmt logmgmt    4096 11월 28 16:14 문서
drwxr-xr-x  2 logmgmt logmgmt    4096 11월 28 16:14 바탕화면
drwxr-xr-x  2 logmgmt logmgmt    4096 11월 28 16:14 비디오
drwxr-xr-x  2 logmgmt logmgmt    4096 11월 28 16:14 사진
drwxr-xr-x  2 logmgmt logmgmt    4096 11월 28 16:14 음악
drwxr-xr-x  2 logmgmt logmgmt    4096 11월 28 16:14 템플릿
logmgmt@syslogserver:~$ sudo mv ./FORTINET-CORE-MIB.txt ./FORTINET-FORTIGATE-MIB.txt /usr/share/snmp/mibs/ietf
[sudo] password for logmgmt:
logmgmt@syslogserver:~$ cd /usr/share/snmp/mibs/ietf
logmgmt@syslogserver:/usr/share/snmp/mibs/ietf$ ls -al | grep FORTINET
-rw-rw-r-- 1 logmgmt logmgmt  15309  2월  6 15:55 FORTINET-CORE-MIB.txt
-rw-rw-r-- 1 logmgmt logmgmt 406521  2월  6 15:55 FORTINET-FORTIGATE-MIB.txt
logmgmt@syslogserver:/usr/share/snmp/mibs/ietf$ sudo mv ./FORTINET-CORE-MIB.txt ./FORTINET-CORE-MIB
logmgmt@syslogserver:/usr/share/snmp/mibs/ietf$ sudo mv ./FORTINET-FORTIGATE-MIB.txt ./FORTINET-FORTIGATE-MIB
logmgmt@syslogserver:/usr/share/snmp/mibs/ietf$ ls -al | grep FORTINET
-rw-rw-r-- 1 logmgmt logmgmt  15309  2월  6 15:55 FORTINET-CORE-MIB
-rw-rw-r-- 1 logmgmt logmgmt 406521  2월  6 15:55 FORTINET-FORTIGATE-MIB
logmgmt@syslogserver:/usr/share/snmp/mibs/ietf$ sudo chown root:root ./FORTINET-*
logmgmt@syslogserver:/usr/share/snmp/mibs/ietf$ ls -al | grep FORTINET
-rw-rw-r-- 1 root root  15309  2월  6 15:55 FORTINET-CORE-MIB
-rw-rw-r-- 1 root root 406521  2월  6 15:55 FORTINET-FORTIGATE-MIB
logmgmt@syslogserver:/usr/share/snmp/mibs/ietf$

 

2.1 mib 파일명 체크: 2.1.3의 확장자 없애기를 하셔야 에러가 없습니다.

2.1.1 확장자 txt 일 경우

root@syslogserver:/usr/share/snmp/mibs/ietf# mv ./FORTINET-CORE-MIB ./FORTINET-CORE-MIB.txt
root@syslogserver:/usr/share/snmp/mibs/ietf# mv ./FORTINET-FORTIGATE-MIB ./FORTINET-FORTIGATE-MIB.txt
root@syslogserver:/usr/share/snmp/mibs/ietf# systemctl restart snmp-exporter.service
root@syslogserver:/usr/share/snmp/mibs/ietf# systemctl status snmp-exporter.service | more
● snmp-exporter.service - Prometheus SNMP Exporter Service
     Loaded: loaded (/etc/systemd/system/snmp-exporter.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
     Active: active (running) since Tue 2024-02-06 15:29:18 KST; 23s ago
   Main PID: 2631842 (snmp_exporter)
      Tasks: 9 (limit: 19052)
     Memory: 10.7M
        CPU: 136ms
     CGroup: /system.slice/snmp-exporter.service
             └─2631842 /usr/local/bin/snmp_exporter --config.file=/opt/snmp_exporter/snmp.yml

 2월 06 15:29:18 syslogserver systemd[1]: Started Prometheus SNMP Exporter Service.
 2월 06 15:29:18 syslogserver snmp_exporter[2631842]: ts=2024-02-06T06:29:18.664Z caller=main.go:194 level=info msg="Starting snmp_exporter" version="(version=0.25.0, branch=HEAD, revision=9c42d6c87
4d479314e612bca69558c81f8e26287)" concurrency=1
 2월 06 15:29:18 syslogserver snmp_exporter[2631842]: ts=2024-02-06T06:29:18.664Z caller=main.go:195 level=info build_context="(go=go1.21.5, platform=linux/amd64, user=root@880115266f70, date=202312
10-10:05:18, tags=netgo)"
 2월 06 15:29:18 syslogserver snmp_exporter[2631842]: ts=2024-02-06T06:29:18.758Z caller=tls_config.go:274 level=info msg="Listening on" address=[::]:9116
 2월 06 15:29:18 syslogserver snmp_exporter[2631842]: ts=2024-02-06T06:29:18.758Z caller=tls_config.go:277 level=info msg="TLS is disabled." http2=false address=[::]:9116
 2월 06 15:29:23 syslogserver snmp_exporter[2631842]: ts=2024-02-06T06:29:23.950Z caller=collector.go:393 level=info auth=public_v2 target=192.168.104.1 module=fortinet_fortigate msg="Error scraping
 target" err="error walking target 192.168.104.1: marshal: marshalPDU: unable to marshal varbind list: unable to marshal OID: Invalid object identifier"
 2월 06 15:29:38 syslogserver snmp_exporter[2631842]: ts=2024-02-06T06:29:38.952Z caller=collector.go:393 level=info auth=public_v2 target=192.168.104.1 module=fortinet_fortigate msg="Error scraping
 target" err="error walking target 192.168.104.1: marshal: marshalPDU: unable to marshal varbind list: unable to marshal OID: Invalid object identifier"
 root@syslogserver:/usr/share/snmp/mibs/ietf#

 

2.1.2 확장자 mib 일 경우

root@syslogserver:/usr/share/snmp/mibs/ietf# mv ./FORTINET-CORE-MIB.txt ./FORTINET-CORE-MIB.mib
root@syslogserver:/usr/share/snmp/mibs/ietf# mv ./FORTINET-FORTIGATE-MIB.txt ./FORTINET-FORTIGATE-MIB.mib
root@syslogserver:/usr/share/snmp/mibs/ietf# systemctl restart snmp-exporter.service
root@syslogserver:/usr/share/snmp/mibs/ietf# systemctl status snmp-exporter.service | more
● snmp-exporter.service - Prometheus SNMP Exporter Service
     Loaded: loaded (/etc/systemd/system/snmp-exporter.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
     Active: active (running) since Tue 2024-02-06 15:33:20 KST; 3s ago
   Main PID: 2631948 (snmp_exporter)
      Tasks: 8 (limit: 19052)
     Memory: 15.9M
        CPU: 142ms
     CGroup: /system.slice/snmp-exporter.service
             └─2631948 /usr/local/bin/snmp_exporter --config.file=/opt/snmp_exporter/snmp.yml

 2월 06 15:33:20 syslogserver systemd[1]: Started Prometheus SNMP Exporter Service.
 2월 06 15:33:20 syslogserver snmp_exporter[2631948]: ts=2024-02-06T06:33:20.549Z caller=main.go:194 level=info msg="Starting snmp_exporter" version="(version=0.25.0, branch=HEAD, revision=9c42d6c87
4d479314e612bca69558c81f8e26287)" concurrency=1
 2월 06 15:33:20 syslogserver snmp_exporter[2631948]: ts=2024-02-06T06:33:20.549Z caller=main.go:195 level=info build_context="(go=go1.21.5, platform=linux/amd64, user=root@880115266f70, date=202312
10-10:05:18, tags=netgo)"
 2월 06 15:33:20 syslogserver snmp_exporter[2631948]: ts=2024-02-06T06:33:20.667Z caller=tls_config.go:274 level=info msg="Listening on" address=[::]:9116
 2월 06 15:33:20 syslogserver snmp_exporter[2631948]: ts=2024-02-06T06:33:20.667Z caller=tls_config.go:277 level=info msg="TLS is disabled." http2=false address=[::]:9116
 2월 06 15:33:23 syslogserver snmp_exporter[2631948]: ts=2024-02-06T06:33:23.951Z caller=collector.go:393 level=info auth=public_v2 target=192.168.104.1 module=fortinet_fortigate msg="Error scraping
 target" err="error walking target 192.168.104.1: marshal: marshalPDU: unable to marshal varbind list: unable to marshal OID: Invalid object identifier"
root@syslogserver:/usr/share/snmp/mibs/ietf#

 

2.1.3 확장자가 없을 경우

root@syslogserver:/usr/share/snmp/mibs/ietf# mv ./FORTINET-CORE-MIB.mib ./FORTINET-CORE-MIB
root@syslogserver:/usr/share/snmp/mibs/ietf# mv ./FORTINET-FORTIGATE-MIB.mib ./FORTINET-FORTIGATE-MIB
root@syslogserver:/usr/share/snmp/mibs/ietf# systemctl restart snmp-exporter.service
root@syslogserver:/usr/share/snmp/mibs/ietf# systemctl status snmp-exporter.service | more
● snmp-exporter.service - Prometheus SNMP Exporter Service
     Loaded: loaded (/etc/systemd/system/snmp-exporter.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
     Active: active (running) since Tue 2024-02-06 15:36:57 KST; 6s ago
   Main PID: 2631988 (snmp_exporter)
      Tasks: 8 (limit: 19052)
     Memory: 17.4M
        CPU: 125ms
     CGroup: /system.slice/snmp-exporter.service
             └─2631988 /usr/local/bin/snmp_exporter --config.file=/opt/snmp_exporter/snmp.yml

 2월 06 15:36:57 syslogserver systemd[1]: Started Prometheus SNMP Exporter Service.
 2월 06 15:36:57 syslogserver snmp_exporter[2631988]: ts=2024-02-06T06:36:57.412Z caller=main.go:194 level=info msg="Starting snmp_exporter" version="(version=0.25.0, branch=HEAD, revision=9c42d6c87
4d479314e612bca69558c81f8e26287)" concurrency=1
 2월 06 15:36:57 syslogserver snmp_exporter[2631988]: ts=2024-02-06T06:36:57.412Z caller=main.go:195 level=info build_context="(go=go1.21.5, platform=linux/amd64, user=root@880115266f70, date=202312
10-10:05:18, tags=netgo)"
 2월 06 15:36:57 syslogserver snmp_exporter[2631988]: ts=2024-02-06T06:36:57.507Z caller=tls_config.go:274 level=info msg="Listening on" address=[::]:9116
 2월 06 15:36:57 syslogserver snmp_exporter[2631988]: ts=2024-02-06T06:36:57.507Z caller=tls_config.go:277 level=info msg="TLS is disabled." http2=false address=[::]:9116
root@syslogserver:/usr/share/snmp/mibs/ietf#

 

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최신 버전 다운로드 받기

저는 ubuntu에서 설치하기 위해 아래 파일을 다운로드 했습니다.

snmp_exporter-0.25.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz

https://github.com/prometheus/snmp_exporter/releases

 

Releases · prometheus/snmp_exporter

SNMP Exporter for Prometheus. Contribute to prometheus/snmp_exporter development by creating an account on GitHub.

github.com

 

root@syslogserver:/opt# wget https://github.com/prometheus/snmp_exporter/releases/download/v0.25.0/snmp_exporter-0.25.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz
--2023-12-21 12:08:50--  https://github.com/prometheus/snmp_exporter/releases/download/v0.25.0/snmp_exporter-0.25.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz
Resolving github.com (github.com)... 20.200.245.247
Connecting to github.com (github.com)|20.200.245.247|:443... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 302 Found
Location: https://objects.githubusercontent.com/github-production-release-asset-2e65be/31185891/aaa12aa4-ebfa-4e22-b061-b274132432f3?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=AKIAIWNJYAX4CSVEH53A%2F20231221%2Fus-east-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20231221T030851Z&X-Amz-Expires=300&X-Amz-Signature=518fc3871a119d47abd6a0d64285244b57db69c2e019be3694a25e3ae0378f8f&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&actor_id=0&key_id=0&repo_id=31185891&response-content-disposition=attachment%3B%20filename%3Dsnmp_exporter-0.25.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz&response-content-type=application%2Foctet-stream [following]
--2023-12-21 12:08:51--  https://objects.githubusercontent.com/github-production-release-asset-2e65be/31185891/aaa12aa4-ebfa-4e22-b061-b274132432f3?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=AKIAIWNJYAX4CSVEH53A%2F20231221%2Fus-east-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20231221T030851Z&X-Amz-Expires=300&X-Amz-Signature=518fc3871a119d47abd6a0d64285244b57db69c2e019be3694a25e3ae0378f8f&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&actor_id=0&key_id=0&repo_id=31185891&response-content-disposition=attachment%3B%20filename%3Dsnmp_exporter-0.25.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz&response-content-type=application%2Foctet-stream
Resolving objects.githubusercontent.com (objects.githubusercontent.com)... 185.199.111.133, 185.199.110.133, 185.199.109.133, ...
Connecting to objects.githubusercontent.com (objects.githubusercontent.com)|185.199.111.133|:443... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 8441503 (8.0M) [application/octet-stream]
Saving to: ‘snmp_exporter-0.25.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz’

snmp_exporter-0.25.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz           100%[===========================================================================================================>]   8.05M  --.-KB/s    in 0.1s

2023-12-21 12:08:52 (63.5 MB/s) - ‘snmp_exporter-0.25.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz’ saved [8441503/8441503]

root@syslogserver:/opt# ls -al
total 8252
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root    4096 12월 21 12:08 .
drwxr-xr-x 20 root root    4096 11월 28 13:53 ..
-rw-r--r--  1 root root 8441503 12월 10 19:07 snmp_exporter-0.25.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz
root@syslogserver:/opt# tar zxvf ./snmp_exporter-0.25.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz
snmp_exporter-0.25.0.linux-amd64/
snmp_exporter-0.25.0.linux-amd64/snmp.yml
snmp_exporter-0.25.0.linux-amd64/LICENSE
snmp_exporter-0.25.0.linux-amd64/NOTICE
snmp_exporter-0.25.0.linux-amd64/snmp_exporter
root@syslogserver:/opt#
root@syslogserver:/opt# mv ./snmp_exporter-0.25.0.linux-amd64 ./snmp_exporter
root@syslogserver:/opt#

 

설정은 아래 참조

snmp-exporter-0.25 버전에서는 아래와 같은 방식으로 수정하네요.

/opt/snmp_exporter/snmp.yml 파일 맨 상단에 있습니다.

# WARNING: This file was auto-generated using snmp_exporter generator, manual changes will be lost.
auths:
#  public_v1:
#    community: public
#    security_level: noAuthNoPriv
#    auth_protocol: MD5
#    priv_protocol: DES
#    version: 1
  public_v2:
    community: public
#    security_level: noAuthNoPriv
#    auth_protocol: MD5
#    priv_protocol: DES
    version: 2
modules:
  apcups:
    walk:

 

위 설정이 안되면 아래 링크를 참조하세요~

https://dirt-spoon.tistory.com/77

 

snmp_exporter 설정

설정 파일 위치는 설치자에 따라 다를 겁니다. 제가 설치한 방법을 따라 하셨다면 아래의 경로에 해당 파일이 존재 합니다. "/opt/snmp_exporter/snmp.yml" 워낙 방대해서 기본 설정이외 수정한 부분을

dirt-spoon.tistory.com

 

snmp_exporter 프로세스 만들기

  • user: snmp_exporter
  • Process: snmp_exporter
root@syslogserver:/opt/snmp_exporter# ln -s /opt/snmp_exporter/snmp_exporter /usr/local/bin/snmp_exporter
root@syslogserver:/opt/snmp_exporter# useradd --system snmp_exporter
root@syslogserver:/opt/snmp_exporter# cd /etc/systemd/system/
root@syslogserver:/opt/snmp_exporter# echo '
[Unit]
Description=Prometheus SNMP Exporter Service
After=network.target

[Service]
Type=simple
User=snmp_exporter
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/snmp_exporter --config.file="/opt/snmp_exporter/snmp.yml"

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target' > /etc/systemd/system/snmp-exporter.service
root@syslogserver:/opt/snmp_exporter# ls -al /etc/systemd/system | grep snmp
-rw-r--r--  1 root root  237 12월 21 12:19 snmp-exporter.service
root@syslogserver:/opt/snmp_exporter# systemctl daemon-reload
root@syslogserver:/opt/snmp_exporter# systemctl enable snmp-exporter.service
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/snmp-exporter.service → /etc/systemd/system/snmp-exporter.service.
root@syslogserver:/opt/snmp_exporter#

 

프로세스 확인하기

root@syslogserver:/opt/snmp_exporter# systemctl restart snmp-exporter.service
root@syslogserver:/opt/snmp_exporter# ps -ef | grep snmp-exporter
root      188764  167915  0 12:23 pts/5    00:00:00 grep --color=auto snmp-exporter
root@syslogserver:/opt/snmp_exporter#
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