흙수저의 엔지니어링

snmp-exporter 설치 전 설치하기

mib 정보나 snmpget 같은 명령어를 위해서 설치합니다~

root@syslogserver:/etc/logstash/pattern.d# apt install snmp-mibs-downloader snmp snmpd
패키지 목록을 읽는 중입니다... 완료
의존성 트리를 만드는 중입니다... 완료
상태 정보를 읽는 중입니다... 완료
The following additional packages will be installed:
  smistrip
제안하는 패키지:
  snmptrapd
다음 새 패키지를 설치할 것입니다:
  smistrip snmp snmp-mibs-downloader snmpd
0개 업그레이드, 4개 새로 설치, 0개 제거 및 15개 업그레이드 안 함.
5,407 k바이트 아카이브를 받아야 합니다.
이 작업 후 6,271 k바이트의 디스크 공간을 더 사용하게 됩니다.
계속 하시겠습니까? [Y/n] y
받기:1 http://kr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/main amd64 snmpd amd64 5.9.1+dfsg-1ubuntu2.6 [60.3 kB]
받기:2 http://kr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/universe amd64 smistrip all 0.4.8+dfsg2-16 [7,904 B]
받기:3 http://kr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/main amd64 snmp amd64 5.9.1+dfsg-1ubuntu2.6 [176 kB]
받기:4 http://kr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/multiverse amd64 snmp-mibs-downloader all 1.5 [5,163 kB]
내려받기 5,407 k바이트, 소요시간 3초 (1,871 k바이트/초)
패키지를 미리 설정하는 중입니다...
Selecting previously unselected package snmpd.
(데이터베이스 읽는중 ...현재 284928개의 파일과 디렉터리가 설치되어 있습니다.)
Preparing to unpack .../snmpd_5.9.1+dfsg-1ubuntu2.6_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking snmpd (5.9.1+dfsg-1ubuntu2.6) ...
Selecting previously unselected package smistrip.
Preparing to unpack .../smistrip_0.4.8+dfsg2-16_all.deb ...
Unpacking smistrip (0.4.8+dfsg2-16) ...
Selecting previously unselected package snmp.
Preparing to unpack .../snmp_5.9.1+dfsg-1ubuntu2.6_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking snmp (5.9.1+dfsg-1ubuntu2.6) ...
Selecting previously unselected package snmp-mibs-downloader.
Preparing to unpack .../snmp-mibs-downloader_1.5_all.deb ...
Unpacking snmp-mibs-downloader (1.5) ...
smistrip (0.4.8+dfsg2-16) 설정하는 중입니다 ...
snmp (5.9.1+dfsg-1ubuntu2.6) 설정하는 중입니다 ...
snmpd (5.9.1+dfsg-1ubuntu2.6) 설정하는 중입니다 ...
adduser: Warning: The home directory `/var/lib/snmp' does not belong to the user you are currently creating.
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/snmpd.service → /lib/systemd/system/snmpd.service.
snmp-mibs-downloader (1.5) 설정하는 중입니다 ...

Downloading documents and extracting MIB files.
This will take some minutes.

In case this process fails, it can always be repeated later by executing
/usr/bin/download-mibs again.

RFC1155-SMI: 119 lines.
RFC1213-MIB: 2613 lines.
NOTE: SMUX: ignored.
SMUX-MIB: 158 lines.
CLNS-MIB: 1294 lines.
RFC1381-MIB: 1007 lines.
RFC1382-MIB: 2627 lines.
RFC1414-MIB: 131 lines.
SNMPv2-PARTY-MIB: 1410 lines.
SNMPv2-M2M-MIB: 807 lines.
MIOX25-MIB: 708 lines.
PPP-LCP-MIB: 764 lines.
PPP-SEC-MIB: 289 lines.
PPP-IP-NCP-MIB: 203 lines.
PPP-BRIDGE-NCP-MIB: 429 lines.
FDDI-SMT73-MIB: 2126 lines.
TOKEN-RING-RMON-MIB: 2302 lines.
SOURCE-ROUTING-MIB: 450 lines.
DECNET-PHIV-MIB: 3030 lines.
DSA-MIB: 642 lines.
DPI20-MIB: 47 lines.
IBM-6611-APPN-MIB: 5112 lines.
DNS-SERVER-MIB: 1078 lines.
DNS-RESOLVER-MIB: 1196 lines.
UPS-MIB: 1899 lines.
CHARACTER-MIB: 646 lines.
RS-232-MIB: 788 lines.
PARALLEL-MIB: 286 lines.
SNA-NAU-MIB: 2765 lines.
SIP-MIB: 1099 lines.
Modem-MIB: 1340 lines.
RDBMS-MIB: 1377 lines.
RIPv2-MIB: 532 lines.
APPLETALK-MIB: 3398 lines.
SNA-SDLC-MIB: 2761 lines.
TOKENRING-MIB: 836 lines.
TOKENRING-STATION-SR-MIB: 175 lines.
TCPIPX-MIB: 331 lines.
SNMPv2-USEC-MIB: 238 lines.
MIP-MIB: 2127 lines.
DOT12-IF-MIB: 772 lines.
DLSW-MIB: 3560 lines.
APPC-MIB: 5104 lines.
SNMP-REPEATER-MIB: 3265 lines.
FRAME-RELAY-DTE-MIB: 992 lines.
ISDN-MIB: 1260 lines.
DIAL-CONTROL-MIB: 1270 lines.
RSVP-MIB: 2660 lines.
INTEGRATED-SERVICES-MIB: 750 lines.
INTEGRATED-SERVICES-GUARANTEED-MIB: 218 lines.
APPN-DLUR-MIB: 632 lines.
HPR-MIB: 1270 lines.
DOT12-RPTR-MIB: 1978 lines.
SYSAPPL-MIB: 1539 lines.
IPOA-MIB: 1654 lines.
IPATM-IPMC-MIB: 3244 lines.
IPV6-TCP-MIB: 211 lines.
IPV6-UDP-MIB: 141 lines.
APPN-MIB: 5611 lines.
APPN-TRAP-MIB: 477 lines.
EBN-MIB: 702 lines.
IPV6-TC: 67 lines.
IPV6-MIB: 1443 lines.
IPV6-ICMP-MIB: 529 lines.
DS0-MIB: 305 lines.
DS0BUNDLE-MIB: 311 lines.
ATM-ACCOUNTING-INFORMATION-MIB: 402 lines.
ACCOUNTING-CONTROL-MIB: 768 lines.
ATM-TC-MIB: 713 lines.
ATM-MIB: 2995 lines.
TN3270E-MIB: 1953 lines.
TN3270E-RT-MIB: 896 lines.
APPLICATION-MIB: 2995 lines.
SNMPv2-SMI: 344 lines.
NOTE: FIZBIN-MIB: ignored.
SNMPv2-TC: 772 lines.
SNMPv2-CONF: 322 lines.
HPR-IP-MIB: 487 lines.
WWW-MIB: 1272 lines.
DIRECTORY-SERVER-MIB: 772 lines.
SMON-MIB: 1254 lines.
ADSL-TC-MIB: 113 lines.
ADSL-LINE-MIB: 4328 lines.
ETHER-CHIPSET-MIB: 532 lines.
NHRP-MIB: 2596 lines.
Job-Monitoring-MIB: 1652 lines.
FLOW-METER-MIB: 1901 lines.
AGENTX-MIB: 527 lines.
SLAPM-MIB: 2842 lines.
SNMP-USM-DH-OBJECTS-MIB: 532 lines.
VRRP-MIB: 789 lines.
NETWORK-SERVICES-MIB: 626 lines.
MTA-MIB: 1226 lines.
HOST-RESOURCES-MIB: 1540 lines.
HOST-RESOURCES-TYPES: 389 lines.
RMON-MIB: 3980 lines.
FIBRE-CHANNEL-FE-MIB: 1781 lines.
HCNUM-TC: 118 lines.
IF-MIB: 1814 lines.
IF-INVERTED-STACK-MIB: 149 lines.
PTOPO-MIB: 804 lines.
IPMROUTE-STD-MIB: 869 lines.
IGMP-STD-MIB: 516 lines.
PIM-MIB: 889 lines.
COPS-CLIENT-MIB: 844 lines.
FRNETSERV-MIB: 2479 lines.
FR-ATM-PVC-SERVICE-IWF-MIB: 1066 lines.
RTP-MIB: 981 lines.
DISMAN-EVENT-MIB: 1882 lines.
DISMAN-EXPRESSION-MIB: 1182 lines.
NOTIFICATION-LOG-MIB: 753 lines.
IPV6-MLD-MIB: 417 lines.
FR-MFR-MIB: 888 lines.
PINT-MIB: 573 lines.
DOCS-BPI-MIB: 1569 lines.
INTERFACETOPN-MIB: 1023 lines.
DISMAN-SCRIPT-MIB: 1764 lines.
SFLOW-MIB: 389 lines.
CIRCUIT-IF-MIB: 369 lines.
FRSLD-MIB: 1768 lines.
DISMAN-SCHEDULE-MIB: 699 lines.
HC-RMON-MIB: 3149 lines.
DSMON-MIB: 4449 lines.
DIFFSERV-DSCP-TC: 64 lines.
DIFFSERV-MIB: 3514 lines.
GSMP-MIB: 1582 lines.
L2TP-MIB: 2664 lines.
SNMP-FRAMEWORK-MIB: 526 lines.
SNMP-MPD-MIB: 145 lines.
NOTE: : ignored.
SNMP-TARGET-MIB: 660 lines.
SNMP-NOTIFICATION-MIB: 589 lines.
SNMP-PROXY-MIB: 294 lines.
NOTE: : ignored.
SNMP-USER-BASED-SM-MIB: 912 lines.
SNMP-VIEW-BASED-ACM-MIB: 830 lines.
SNMPv2-PDU: 133 lines.
SNMPv2-TM: 176 lines.
SNMPv2-MIB: 854 lines.
TRANSPORT-ADDRESS-MIB: 421 lines.
ENTITY-SENSOR-MIB: 440 lines.
HC-ALARM-MIB: 707 lines.
ADSL-LINE-EXT-MIB: 1169 lines.
APS-MIB: 1659 lines.
MALLOC-MIB: 1364 lines.
SNMP-COMMUNITY-MIB: 505 lines.
OPT-IF-MIB: 6616 lines.
SONET-MIB: 2360 lines.
PerfHist-TC-MIB: 178 lines.
IPV6-FLOW-LABEL-MIB: 58 lines.
ATM2-MIB: 3220 lines.
POWER-ETHERNET-MIB: 621 lines.
EtherLike-MIB: 1862 lines.
HC-PerfHist-TC-MIB: 222 lines.
VDSL-LINE-MIB: 2844 lines.
APM-MIB: 2127 lines.
DIFFSERV-CONFIG-MIB: 243 lines.
NOTE: IANA-PRINTER-MIB: ignored.
Printer-MIB: 4389 lines.
NOTE: IANA-FINISHER-MIB: ignored.
Finisher-MIB: 869 lines.
MPLS-TC-STD-MIB: 635 lines.
MPLS-TE-STD-MIB: 2483 lines.
MPLS-LSR-STD-MIB: 2106 lines.
MPLS-FTN-STD-MIB: 1030 lines.
MPLS-LDP-STD-MIB: 2408 lines.
MPLS-LDP-ATM-STD-MIB: 757 lines.
MPLS-LDP-FRAME-RELAY-STD-MIB: 641 lines.
MPLS-LDP-GENERIC-STD-MIB: 321 lines.
ROHC-MIB: 1133 lines.
ROHC-UNCOMPRESSED-MIB: 197 lines.
ROHC-RTP-MIB: 636 lines.
SNMP-USM-AES-MIB: 62 lines.
TRIP-TC-MIB: 132 lines.
TRIP-MIB: 2007 lines.
SCTP-MIB: 1342 lines.
ALARM-MIB: 1127 lines.
NOTE: IANA-ITU-ALARM-TC-MIB: ignored.
ITU-ALARM-TC-MIB: 86 lines.
ITU-ALARM-MIB: 486 lines.
ARC-MIB: 396 lines.
DS3-MIB: 1786 lines.
TE-MIB: 1679 lines.
INET-ADDRESS-MIB: 402 lines.
NAT-MIB: 2391 lines.
POLICY-BASED-MANAGEMENT-MIB: 2060 lines.
TCP-MIB: 785 lines.
DOCS-IETF-SUBMGT-MIB: 672 lines.
FC-MGMT-MIB: 2205 lines.
VDSL-LINE-EXT-SCM-MIB: 420 lines.
VDSL-LINE-EXT-MCM-MIB: 662 lines.
TUNNEL-MIB: 738 lines.
UDP-MIB: 549 lines.
DOCS-IETF-BPI2-MIB: 3451 lines.
ENTITY-MIB: 1411 lines.
SSPM-MIB: 1029 lines.
TPM-MIB: 1916 lines.
BRIDGE-MIB: 1472 lines.
TE-LINK-STD-MIB: 1745 lines.
VPN-TC-STD-MIB: 72 lines.
ENTITY-STATE-TC-MIB: 169 lines.
ENTITY-STATE-MIB: 332 lines.
BGP4-MIB: 1232 lines.
IP-FORWARD-MIB: 1277 lines.
IP-MIB: 4993 lines.
MOBILEIPV6-MIB: 3984 lines.
RSTP-MIB: 306 lines.
HDSL2-SHDSL-LINE-MIB: 2503 lines.
DOCS-IETF-QOS-MIB: 3060 lines.
P-BRIDGE-MIB: 1157 lines.
Q-BRIDGE-MIB: 2367 lines.
MPLS-LC-ATM-STD-MIB: 336 lines.
MPLS-LC-FR-STD-MIB: 263 lines.
IFCP-MGMT-MIB: 1015 lines.
MPLS-L3VPN-STD-MIB: 1588 lines.
FCIP-MGMT-MIB: 1037 lines.
T11-FC-NAME-SERVER-MIB: 1136 lines.
T11-TC-MIB: 67 lines.
T11-FC-FABRIC-ADDR-MGR-MIB: 1241 lines.
ISIS-MIB: 4317 lines.
SCSI-MIB: 2758 lines.
AGGREGATE-MIB: 477 lines.
TIME-AGGREGATE-MIB: 375 lines.
RMON2-MIB: 5711 lines.
ISCSI-MIB: 3097 lines.
IPS-AUTH-MIB: 1156 lines.
DOCS-IF-MIB: 5291 lines.
DOCS-IETF-CABLE-DEVICE-NOTIFICATION-MIB: 1453 lines.
DISMAN-PING-MIB: 1561 lines.
DISMAN-TRACEROUTE-MIB: 1850 lines.
DISMAN-NSLOOKUP-MIB: 509 lines.
MSDP-MIB: 1182 lines.
T11-FC-ROUTE-MIB: 448 lines.
T11-FC-FSPF-MIB: 1170 lines.
LMP-MIB: 3185 lines.
DOCS-CABLE-DEVICE-MIB: 3141 lines.
RADIUS-AUTH-CLIENT-MIB: 710 lines.
RADIUS-AUTH-SERVER-MIB: 774 lines.
RADIUS-ACC-CLIENT-MIB: 638 lines.
RADIUS-ACC-SERVER-MIB: 727 lines.
RADIUS-DYNAUTH-CLIENT-MIB: 767 lines.
RADIUS-DYNAUTH-SERVER-MIB: 699 lines.
PKTC-IETF-MTA-MIB: 2081 lines.
ADSL2-LINE-TC-MIB: 729 lines.
ADSL2-LINE-MIB: 5476 lines.
RAQMON-MIB: 1417 lines.
RAQMON-RDS-MIB: 672 lines.
T11-FC-VIRTUAL-FABRIC-MIB: 523 lines.
OSPF-MIB: 4164 lines.
OSPF-TRAP-MIB: 584 lines.
SIP-TC-MIB: 177 lines.
SIP-COMMON-MIB: 1913 lines.
SIP-UA-MIB: 200 lines.
SIP-SERVER-MIB: 869 lines.
SNMP-IEEE802-TM-MIB: 40 lines.
GMPLS-TC-STD-MIB: 124 lines.
GMPLS-TE-STD-MIB: 1749 lines.
NOTE: IANA-GMPLS-TC-MIB: ignored.
GMPLS-LSR-STD-MIB: 503 lines.
GMPLS-LABEL-STD-MIB: 689 lines.
DS1-MIB: 3015 lines.
IPSEC-SPD-MIB: 2682 lines.
MAU-MIB: 1740 lines.
NOTE: IANA-MAU-MIB: ignored.
DOT3-EPON-MIB: 2532 lines.
DOT3-OAM-MIB: 2115 lines.
TCP-ESTATS-MIB: 2941 lines.
T11-FC-FABRIC-CONFIG-SERVER-MIB: 1717 lines.
T11-FC-FABRIC-LOCK-MIB: 490 lines.
T11-FC-ZONE-SERVER-MIB: 2638 lines.
ISNS-MIB: 3243 lines.
T11-FC-RSCN-MIB: 751 lines.
URI-TC-MIB: 133 lines.
PIM-STD-MIB: 3746 lines.
IF-CAP-STACK-MIB: 284 lines.
EFM-CU-MIB: 2995 lines.
UDPLITE-MIB: 513 lines.
PKTC-IETF-SIG-MIB: 3021 lines.
LANGTAG-TC-MIB: 56 lines.
IPMCAST-MIB: 2391 lines.
MIDCOM-MIB: 2260 lines.
PIM-BSR-MIB: 699 lines.
T11-FC-SP-TC-MIB: 637 lines.
T11-FC-SP-AUTHENTICATION-MIB: 920 lines.
T11-FC-SP-ZONING-MIB: 550 lines.
T11-FC-SP-POLICY-MIB: 4274 lines.
T11-FC-SP-SA-MIB: 2483 lines.
SYSLOG-TC-MIB: 202 lines.
PKTC-IETF-EVENT-MIB: 1163 lines.
NEMO-MIB: 1739 lines.
MGMD-STD-MIB: 1524 lines.
RSERPOOL-MIB: 1439 lines.
PW-TC-STD-MIB: 288 lines.
SNMP-TSM-MIB: 234 lines.
SNMP-SSH-TM-MIB: 329 lines.
NOTE: IANA-PWE3-MIB: ignored.
PW-STD-MIB: 2438 lines.
PW-MPLS-STD-MIB: 914 lines.
PW-ENET-STD-MIB: 491 lines.
PW-TDM-MIB: 1336 lines.
PW-ATM-MIB: 1205 lines.
OSPFV3-MIB: 3951 lines.
VDSL2-LINE-TC-MIB: 1479 lines.
VDSL2-LINE-MIB: 7189 lines.
SYSLOG-MSG-MIB: 598 lines.
DVB-RCS-MIB: 3329 lines.
FORCES-MIB: 391 lines.
IPFIX-MIB: 1677 lines.
NOTE: IPFIX-SELECTOR-MIB: ignored.
CAPWAP-BASE-MIB: 2618 lines.
CAPWAP-DOT11-MIB: 369 lines.
patching file ADSL-LINE-MIB
patching file DLSW-MIB
patching file DSA-MIB
patching file FDDI-SMT73-MIB
patching file HPR-MIB
patching file MIP-MIB
patching file Modem-MIB
patching file PPP-LCP-MIB
patching file RDBMS-MIB
patching file RFC1414-MIB
patching file SNA-NAU-MIB
patching file TCPIPX-MIB
patching file UPS-MIB
patching file SMUX-MIB
patching file IPATM-IPMC-MIB
IANA-PWE3-MIB: 137 lines.
NOTE: PW-STD-MIB: ignored.
NOTE: IPFIX-MIB: ignored.
IPFIX-SELECTOR-MIB: 173 lines.
IANAifType-MIB: 685 lines.
IANA-LANGUAGE-MIB: 126 lines.
IANA-ADDRESS-FAMILY-NUMBERS-MIB: 170 lines.
IANA-RTPROTO-MIB: 102 lines.
IANATn3270eTC-MIB: 303 lines.
IANA-MALLOC-MIB: 69 lines.
IANA-CHARSET-MIB: 361 lines.
IANA-PRINTER-MIB: 2111 lines.
IANA-FINISHER-MIB: 286 lines.
IANA-ITU-ALARM-TC-MIB: 335 lines.
IANA-GMPLS-TC-MIB: 359 lines.
IANA-IPPM-METRICS-REGISTRY-MIB: 818 lines.
IANA-MAU-MIB: 984 lines.
Processing triggers for man-db (2.10.2-1) ...
root@syslogserver:/etc/logstash/pattern.d#

root@syslogserver:/usr/share/snmp/mibs# cat /etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml
# Sample config for Prometheus.

global:
  scrape_interval:     15s # Set the scrape interval to every 15 seconds. Default is every 1 minute.
  evaluation_interval: 15s # Evaluate rules every 15 seconds. The default is every 1 minute.
  # scrape_timeout is set to the global default (10s).

  # Attach these labels to any time series or alerts when communicating with
  # external systems (federation, remote storage, Alertmanager).
  external_labels:
      monitor: 'example'

# Alertmanager configuration
alerting:
  alertmanagers:
  - static_configs:
    - targets: ['192.168.000.000:9093'] # prometheus Server IP

# Load rules once and periodically evaluate them according to the global 'evaluation_interval'.
rule_files:
  # - "first_rules.yml"
  # - "second_rules.yml"

# A scrape configuration containing exactly one endpoint to scrape:
# Here it's Prometheus itself.
scrape_configs:
  # The job name is added as a label `job=<job_name>` to any timeseries scraped from this config.
  - job_name: 'prometheus'

    # Override the global default and scrape targets from this job every 5 seconds.
    scrape_interval: 5s
    scrape_timeout: 5s

    # metrics_path defaults to '/metrics'
    # scheme defaults to 'http'.

    static_configs:
      - targets: ['192.168.000.000:9090'] # prometheus Server IP

  - job_name: 'snmp'
    static_configs:
      - targets: ['192.168.000.000'] # AXGATE UTM IP
        labels:
         device: axgate
    metrics_path: /snmp
    params:
      module: [if_mib]
      community: [00000]
    relabel_configs:
      - source_labels: [__address__]
        target_label: __param_target
      - source_labels: [__param_target]
        target_label: instance
      - target_label: __address__
        replacement: 192.168.000.000:9116  # The SNMP exporter's real hostname:port.
  - job_name: 'grafana_metrics'
    scrape_interval: 5s
    scrape_timeout: 5s

    static_configs:
      - targets: ['192.168.000.000:3000'] # prometheus Server IP

Prometheus 설치하기

logmgmt@syslogserver:~$ sudo apt install prometheus
패키지 목록을 읽는 중입니다... 완료
의존성 트리를 만드는 중입니다... 완료
상태 정보를 읽는 중입니다... 완료
The following additional packages will be installed:
  fonts-glyphicons-halflings javascript-common libio-pty-perl libipc-run-perl libjs-bootstrap libjs-bootstrap4 libjs-d3 libjs-eonasdan-bootstrap-datetimepicker libjs-jquery libjs-jquery-hotkeys
  libjs-moment libjs-moment-timezone libjs-mustache libjs-popper.js libjs-rickshaw libjs-sizzle libtime-duration-perl moreutils node-jquery prometheus-node-exporter
  prometheus-node-exporter-collectors smartmontools
제안하는 패키지:
  apache2 | lighttpd | httpd gsmartcontrol smart-notifier mailx | mailutils
다음 새 패키지를 설치할 것입니다:
  fonts-glyphicons-halflings javascript-common libio-pty-perl libipc-run-perl libjs-bootstrap libjs-bootstrap4 libjs-d3 libjs-eonasdan-bootstrap-datetimepicker libjs-jquery libjs-jquery-hotkeys
  libjs-moment libjs-moment-timezone libjs-mustache libjs-popper.js libjs-rickshaw libjs-sizzle libtime-duration-perl moreutils node-jquery prometheus prometheus-node-exporter
  prometheus-node-exporter-collectors smartmontools
0개 업그레이드, 23개 새로 설치, 0개 제거 및 15개 업그레이드 안 함.
26.1 M바이트 아카이브를 받아야 합니다.
이 작업 후 280 M바이트의 디스크 공간을 더 사용하게 됩니다.
계속 하시겠습니까? [Y/n] y
받기:1 http://kr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/main amd64 libjs-jquery all 3.6.0+dfsg+~3.5.13-1 [321 kB]
받기:2 http://kr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/universe amd64 libjs-jquery-hotkeys all 0~20130707+git2d51e3a9+dfsg-2ubuntu1 [11.4 kB]
받기:3 http://kr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/universe amd64 fonts-glyphicons-halflings all 1.009~3.4.1+dfsg-2 [117 kB]
받기:4 http://kr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/main amd64 javascript-common all 11+nmu1 [5,936 B]
받기:5 http://kr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/universe amd64 libjs-popper.js all 1.16.1+ds-5 [53.8 kB]
받기:6 http://kr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/universe amd64 libjs-bootstrap4 all 4.6.0+dfsg1-4 [534 kB]
받기:7 http://kr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/universe amd64 libjs-bootstrap all 3.4.1+dfsg-2 [124 kB]
받기:8 http://kr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/universe amd64 libjs-moment all 2.29.1+ds-3ubuntu0.2 [146 kB]
받기:9 http://kr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/universe amd64 libjs-eonasdan-bootstrap-datetimepicker all 4.17.47-5 [28.4 kB]
받기:10 http://kr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/universe amd64 libjs-moment-timezone all 0.5.34+dfsg-1+2021e [759 kB]
받기:11 http://kr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/universe amd64 libjs-mustache all 2.3.2-2 [20.6 kB]
받기:12 http://kr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/universe amd64 libjs-d3 all 3.5.17-4 [132 kB]
받기:13 http://kr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/universe amd64 libjs-rickshaw all 1.5.1.dfsg-5 [646 kB]
받기:14 http://kr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/universe amd64 prometheus amd64 2.31.2+ds1-1ubuntu1.22.04.2 [18.3 MB]
받기:15 http://kr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/universe amd64 prometheus-node-exporter amd64 1.3.1-1ubuntu0.22.04.2 [3,887 kB]
받기:16 http://kr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/main amd64 libio-pty-perl amd64 1:1.15-2build2 [35.1 kB]
받기:17 http://kr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/main amd64 libipc-run-perl all 20200505.0-1 [89.8 kB]
받기:18 http://kr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/universe amd64 libjs-sizzle all 2.3.6+ds+~2.3.3-1 [32.3 kB]
받기:19 http://kr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/main amd64 libtime-duration-perl all 1.21-1 [13.1 kB]
받기:20 http://kr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/universe amd64 moreutils amd64 0.66-1 [63.3 kB]
받기:21 http://kr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/universe amd64 node-jquery all 3.6.0+dfsg+~3.5.13-1 [160 kB]
받기:22 http://kr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/universe amd64 prometheus-node-exporter-collectors all 0+git20211024.8eeeffb-1 [27.1 kB]
받기:23 http://kr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/main amd64 smartmontools amd64 7.2-1build2 [583 kB]
내려받기 26.1 M바이트, 소요시간 11초 (2,298 k바이트/초)
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libjs-d3 (3.5.17-4) 설정하는 중입니다 ...
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libipc-run-perl (20200505.0-1) 설정하는 중입니다 ...
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libjs-bootstrap4 (4.6.0+dfsg1-4) 설정하는 중입니다 ...
libjs-jquery (3.6.0+dfsg+~3.5.13-1) 설정하는 중입니다 ...
libjs-mustache (2.3.2-2) 설정하는 중입니다 ...
libjs-jquery-hotkeys (0~20130707+git2d51e3a9+dfsg-2ubuntu1) 설정하는 중입니다 ...
node-jquery (3.6.0+dfsg+~3.5.13-1) 설정하는 중입니다 ...
libjs-bootstrap (3.4.1+dfsg-2) 설정하는 중입니다 ...
libjs-eonasdan-bootstrap-datetimepicker (4.17.47-5) 설정하는 중입니다 ...
moreutils (0.66-1) 설정하는 중입니다 ...
libjs-rickshaw (1.5.1.dfsg-5) 설정하는 중입니다 ...
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Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/timers.target.wants/prometheus-node-exporter-apt.timer → /lib/systemd/system/prometheus-node-exporter-apt.timer.
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/timers.target.wants/prometheus-node-exporter-ipmitool-sensor.timer → /lib/systemd/system/prometheus-node-exporter-ipmitool-sensor.timer.
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/timers.target.wants/prometheus-node-exporter-mellanox-hca-temp.timer → /lib/systemd/system/prometheus-node-exporter-mellanox-hca-temp.timer.
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/timers.target.wants/prometheus-node-exporter-nvme.timer → /lib/systemd/system/prometheus-node-exporter-nvme.timer.
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logmgmt@syslogserver:~$

Prometheus 웹 접속하기

http://{서버IP}:9090 

fortigate에서 syslog를 logserver에서 전송하려는데 계속 아래와 같은 오류가 발생하네요.

이 메시지가 발생할 경우 아래와 같이 설정을 해 주니 정상적으로 적용됩니다.

위의 명령어를 실행해도 cli로 설정 값을 확인하면 표시되지는 않아요.

1f-utm (setting) # show
config log syslogd setting
    set status enable
    set server "192.168.000.000"
    set source-ip "192.168.000.001"
end

윈도우 서버간 통신을 자동스크립트를 생성하여 파일 배포 및 명령어 실행 시 패스워드를 하드코딩해서 넣으면 보안취약점으로 지적을 받습니다.

이때 패스워드를 파일로 암호화하여 저장해 두고, 변수로 선언하여 사용하는 방법이 있네요.

암호화 파일 만들기

PS C:\WINDOWS\system32> Read-Host -AsSecureString | ConvertFrom-SecureString | Out-File -FilePath c:\cred.txt
************* # 패스워드 입력
PS C:\WINDOWS\system32>

cred.txt 내용 보기

01000000d08c9ddf0115d1118c7a00c04fc297eb010000000b464dafe9afab4a8b426b3595128ba00000000002000000000003660000c000000010000000be62cdae82fc8a4f2cd7bf2ea3089ac60000000004800000a000000010000000a2b5f4768a73d76011a84bc70dd5e9c610000000c73efee628af3c133ad0e42befb36257140000001d386d28f83d911c3b4aac2f323d824a1627c2a6

암호화된 파일 읽어오기

$cred = Get-Content c:\cred.txt -ErrorAction Stop | ConvertTo-SecureString
$cred = [System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::SecureStringToCoTaskMemUnicode($cred)
$cred = [System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::PtrToStringUni($cred)

다른 서버에서 cred.txt 파일을 복호화 하니까 오류가 나네요.

PS C:\Users\Administrator> $cred = Get-Content c:\cred.txt -ErrorAction Stop | ConvertTo-SecureString
ConvertTo-SecureString : Key not valid for use in specified state.
At line:1 char:53
+ ...  = Get-Content c:\cred.txt -ErrorAction Stop | ConvertTo-SecureString
+                                                    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
    + CategoryInfo          : InvalidArgument: (:) [ConvertTo-SecureString], CryptographicException
    + FullyQualifiedErrorId : ImportSecureString_InvalidArgument_CryptographicError,Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.Conv
   ertToSecureStringCommand

PS C:\Users\Administrator>

활용 방안

#powhershell에서만 적용
# 변수에 저장된 패스워드 파일로 해당 서버의 자격증명을 생성
cmdkey /generic:192.168.000.000 /user:administrator /pass:$cred

# 생성한 자격증명의 서버에 패스워드 없이 접속하기
mstsc /v 192.168.000.000

하나씩 따라하시면 됩니다!

제가 설정한 모델은 1830 24G PoE+ (JL813A) 입니다.

HPE OfficeConnect Switch 1820 시리즈와 UI만 다를 뿐, 거의 같네요.

웹 페이지 접속하기 (내 PC IP를 192.168.1.2 ~ 192.168.1.254 중 선택)

스위치의 기본 IP는 192.168.1.1 입니다.

초기 설정을 위해 웹을 접속하기 위해서는 내 PC의 IP를 "192.168.1.2 ~ 192.168.1.254" 중 IP를 설정

http://192.168.1.1에 접속하니 아래와 같이 나옵니다.

• For local management의 "CONNECT" 클릭
• 혹시라도 로그인 화면이 나오지 않는다면 수동으로 http://192.168.1.1 로 로그인 해 주세요.

• ID/PW: admin / 없음

처음 로그인할 경우 ID/PW 설정 절차 팝업 메뉴가 뜹니다.

기본으로 설정된 계정 정보 및 패스워드를 변경합니다.

• 기본적으로 정보보안측면에서는 기본 계정 및 "admin" 같은 유추가 쉬운 계정은 사용이 불가합니다.
• 기본적으로 설정된 패스워드가 없어서, 반드시 접속을 위한 패스워드를 설정하셔야 합니다.

스위치 설정하기 (Setup Network → Get Connected)

• 스위치 관리를 위한 IP 설정합니다.
• 웹 접속을 위한 HTTP/HTTPS 접속을 설정합니다. (HTTP: Disable, HTTPS: Enable)

장비 log 설정 및 Syslog 설정하기 (Diagnostics → Logging)

• 기본설정으로는 장비의 log가 설정되어 있어, 장비 상태를 파악할 수 있습니다.
  (Buffered Logging: Disabled → Enabled / Serverity Threshold: Info)
• 별도의 로그 서버가 있는 경우 syslog 설정으로 로그 관리가 가능합니다.

VLAN 추가하기 (VLAN → VLAN Configuration → VLAN Configuration)

저는 무선 연결을 위하여 구매한 장비입니다. VLAN 설정으로 SSID별 통신 영역을 구분하기 위하여 설정했습니다.

• 일반 통신(업무망): VLAN 1
• 업무망 통신 이외: VLAN 10

• 위 화면에서 "Add"를 누르면 아래의 화면처럼 나옵니다.
• VLAN를 위한 숫자를 기입하시고 "Apply"를 누르시면 됩니다.

VLAN 포트 맵핑하기 (VLAN → VLAN Configuration → VLAN Membership - By VLAN)

• Tagging 라인을 보시면 됩니다. VLAN에 대한 포트별 사용 설정입니다.
  • Tagged: 2개 이상의 vlan 통신이 가능
  • Untagged: 1개의 vlan 통신이 가능
  • Excluded: 사용 불가
  • Port1 ~ Port23, TRK1: VLAN1(Tagged) 사용가능하도록 설정
  • Port24는 Trunk Port로 설정할 예정
  [VLAN1]
• 포트별 롤 설정입니다.

• [VLAN10] 포트도 VLAN1과 동일하게 Port 롤을 설정 합니다.

TRUNK 포트 설정하기 (Switching → Trunk Configuration)

• TRK1에 Port 24를 Members에 넣어줍니다.

무선의 업무망과 게스트망을 분리하려고 합니다.

SSID의 설정에 VLAN을 부여하고, VLAN에 따른 정책에 따라 네트워크의 통신을 관리하려고 합니다.

특이사항으로 VLAN 1도 별도의 인터페이스를 설정해줘야 하는군요.

이 특이사항이 없었다면, 글 남기지 않았을 겁니다.

VLAN 인터페이스 상태

• VLAN을 설정하는 물리적인 인터페이스에는 별도의 IP를 설정하지 않아도 됩니다.
• wireless에 별도의 IP를 사용하셔도 문제없이 통신이 됩니다.

위 캡쳐된 interface에 대한 정보입니다.

• 192.168.001.1/24 / VLAN 설정 안한 통신
• 192.168.002.1/24 / VLAN 1 설정한 통신
• 192.168.003.1/24 / VLAN 10 설정한 통신

fortigate # show system interface 
port7   static   0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0  0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0  up   disable   physical  disable   
port8   static   0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0  0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0  up   disable   physical  disable   
wireless   static   0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0  192.168.001.1 255.255.255.0  up   disable   hard-switch  disable   
wireless_guest   static   0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0  192.168.002.1 255.255.255.0  up   disable   vlan  disable   
wireless_work   static   0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0  192.168.003.1 255.255.255.0  up   disable   vlan  disable   

fortigate #

하나씩 따라하시면 됩니다!

제가 설정한 모델은 1820 8G PoE+ (J9982A) 입니다.

웹 페이지 접속하기 (내 PC IP를 192.168.1.2 ~ 192.168.1.254 중 선택)

스위치의 기본 IP는 192.168.1.1 입니다.

초기 설정을 위해 웹을 접속하기 위해서는 내 PC의 IP를 "192.168.1.2 ~ 192.168.1.254" 중 IP를 설정
  ㅇ URL: http://192.168.1.1
  ㅇ ID/PW: admin / 없음

스위치 IP 설정하기 (Setup Network → Get Connected)

• 스위치 관리를 위한 IP 설정입니다.

ID/PW 변경하기 (Maintenance → Password Manager)

기본으로 설정된 계정 정보 및 패스워드를 변경합니다.

• 기본적으로 정보보안측면에서는 기본 계정 및 "admin" 같은 유추가 쉬운 계정은 사용이 불가합니다.
• 기본적으로 설정된 패스워드가 없어서, 반드시 접속을 위한 패스워드를 설정하셔야 합니다.

장비 log 설정 및 Syslog 설정하기 (Diagnostics → Log Configuration)

• 기본설정으로는 장비의 log가 설정되어 있지 않아, 장비 상태를 파악할 수가 없습니다.
  (Buffered Logging: Disabled → Enabled)
• 별도의 로그 서버가 있는 경우 syslog 설정으로 로그 관리가 가능합니다.

VLAN 추가하기 (VLAN → Configuration)

저는 무선 연결을 위하여 구매한 장비입니다. VLAN 설정으로 SSID별 통신 영역을 구분하기 위하여 설정했습니다.

• 일반 통신(업무망): VLAN 1
• 업무망 통신 이외: VLAN 10

• 위 화면에서 "Add"를 누르면 아래의 화면처럼 나옵니다.
• VLAN를 위한 숫자를 기입하시고 "Apply"를 누르시면 됩니다.

VLAN 포트 맵핑하기 (VLAN → Port Membership)

추가한 VLAN에 대한 포트별 사용 설정입니다.

상단에 보이는 VLAN별 사용 포트의 역할들을 지정하는 것입니다.

Port 8은 Trunk 설정으로 비활성화가 되었습니다.

포트별 롤 설명입니다.

• Tagged: 2개 이상의 vlan 통신이 가능
• Untagged: 1개의 vlan 통신이 가능
• Excluded: 사용 불가

• Port1 ~ Port7, TRK1: VLAN1(Tagged) 사용가능하도록 설정 (Port 8 설정이 보이는 건 무시하세요.)

[VLAN1]

[VLAN10]

• P ort1 ~ Port7, TRK1: VLAN1(Tagged) 사용가능하도록 설정 (Port 8에 설정이 보이는 건 무시하세요.)

Trunks 포트 설정하기 (Trunks → Configuration)

• Port 8를 Trunk 포트로 설정하였습니다.

HTTPS 설정하기 (Security → Secure Connection)

• 인증서의 상태가 Absent로 설정되어 있음 (Certificate Status: Absent)
• 빨간 네모에 있는 톱니바퀴를 클릭

• HTTPS Admin Mode 설정이 활성화 됨
• Certificate Status: Absent → Present 로 변경됨

• HTTP Admin Mode 설정을 변경함: Enabled → Disabled
• HTTPS Admin Mode 설정을 변경함: Disabled → Enabled
• Apply를 눌러 적용

내부 네트워크 장비에 대한 NTP 서버 설정을 적용하기 위해서 설정했습니다.

NTP 서버 설정 적용하기

fortigate # show system ntp 
###########여기서부터 아래 내용 붙여넣기 하면 바로 적용 입니다###########
config system ntp
    set ntpsync enable
    set type custom
    set syncinterval 1440
    config ntpserver
        edit 1
            set server "time.google.com"
        next
        edit 2
            set server "1.kr.pool.ntp.org"
        next
    end
    # NTP 업데이트가 안되면 아래 옵션 적용해주세요. IP에 WAN IP 입력해주세요.
    set source-ip 000.000.000.000 
    set server-mode enable
    # NTP 서버 적용할 인터페이스를 선택해 주시면 됩니다.
    set interface "dmz" "ha" "mgmt"
end

###########여기까지###########
fortigate #

• 설정 하신 후에는 장비에서 NTP 서버의 주소를 "set interface ..."에 지정한 인터페이스의 IP로 설정하시면 됩니다.

NT 서버 통신 확인하기

fortigate # diag sys ntp status
# synchronized가 no 이면 문제가 있는 겁니다. 이럴때 설정에 source-ip 주소를 입력해주세요.
synchronized: yes, ntpsync: enabled, server-mode: enabled

ipv4 server(1.kr.pool.ntp.org) 132.226.17.96 -- reachable(0xc0) S:4 T:0 
        server-version=4, stratum=2
        reference time is e91939c0.aae2385e -- UTC Tue Dec  5 05:55:12 2023
        clock offset is 0.004056 sec, root delay is 0.059402 sec
        root dispersion is 0.057693 sec, peer dispersion is 1 msec

ipv6 server(time.google.com) 2001:4860:4806:c:: -- reachable(0xc0) S:4 T:0 
         no data
ipv6 server(time.google.com) 2001:4860:4806:8:: -- reachable(0xc0) S:4 T:0 
         no data
ipv6 server(time.google.com) 2001:4860:4806:4:: -- reachable(0xc0) S:4 T:0 
         no data
ipv4 server(time.google.com) 216.239.35.8 -- reachable(0xc0) S:4 T:0 
        server-version=4, stratum=1
        reference time is e9194110.9a7516df -- UTC Tue Dec  5 06:26:24 2023
        clock offset is -0.000076 sec, root delay is 0.000000 sec
        root dispersion is 0.000061 sec, peer dispersion is 0 msec

ipv4 server(time.google.com) 216.239.35.12 -- reachable(0xc0) S:4 T:0 
        server-version=4, stratum=1
        reference time is e9194110.a5737c49 -- UTC Tue Dec  5 06:26:24 2023
        clock offset is -0.000400 sec, root delay is 0.000000 sec
        root dispersion is 0.000061 sec, peer dispersion is 0 msec

ipv4 server(time.google.com) 216.239.35.0 -- reachable(0xc0) S:4 T:0 
        server-version=4, stratum=1
        reference time is e9194110.99dedc76 -- UTC Tue Dec  5 06:26:24 2023
        clock offset is -0.002956 sec, root delay is 0.000000 sec
        root dispersion is 0.000076 sec, peer dispersion is 0 msec

ipv6 server(time.google.com) 2001:4860:4806:: -- reachable(0xc0) S:4 T:0 
         no data
ipv4 server(time.google.com) 216.239.35.4 -- reachable(0xc0) S:4 T:0 
        server-version=4, stratum=1
        reference time is e9194110.a568bb94 -- UTC Tue Dec  5 06:26:24 2023
        clock offset is -0.000377 sec, root delay is 0.000000 sec
        root dispersion is 0.000076 sec, peer dispersion is 1 msec

ipv6 server(1.kr.pool.ntp.org) unresolved -- unreachable(0xff) S:0 T:6 
         no data
ipv4 server(1.kr.pool.ntp.org) 211.233.40.78 -- reachable(0xc0) S:4 T:0 
        server-version=4, stratum=2
        reference time is e9193db2.114b97d2 -- UTC Tue Dec  5 06:12:02 2023
        clock offset is -0.000330 sec, root delay is 0.008011 sec
        root dispersion is 0.033081 sec, peer dispersion is 57 msec


fortigate #

/etc/kibana/kibana.yml

logmgmt@syslogserver:~$ sudo cat /etc/kibana/kibana.yml
# For more configuration options see the configuration guide for Kibana in
# https://www.elastic.co/guide/index.html

# =================== System: Kibana Server ===================
# Kibana is served by a back end server. This setting specifies the port to use.
server.port: 5601

# Specifies the address to which the Kibana server will bind. IP addresses and host names are both valid values.
# The default is 'localhost', which usually means remote machines will not be able to connect.
# To allow connections from remote users, set this parameter to a non-loopback address.
server.host: "0.0.0.0"

# Enables you to specify a path to mount Kibana at if you are running behind a proxy.
# Use the `server.rewriteBasePath` setting to tell Kibana if it should remove the basePath
# from requests it receives, and to prevent a deprecation warning at startup.
# This setting cannot end in a slash.
#server.basePath: ""

# Specifies whether Kibana should rewrite requests that are prefixed with
# `server.basePath` or require that they are rewritten by your reverse proxy.
# Defaults to `false`.
#server.rewriteBasePath: false

# Specifies the public URL at which Kibana is available for end users. If
# `server.basePath` is configured this URL should end with the same basePath.
server.publicBaseUrl: "http://192.168.000.000:5601"

# The maximum payload size in bytes for incoming server requests.
#server.maxPayload: 1048576

# The Kibana server's name. This is used for display purposes.
server.name: "logserver"

# =================== System: Kibana Server (Optional) ===================
# Enables SSL and paths to the PEM-format SSL certificate and SSL key files, respectively.
# These settings enable SSL for outgoing requests from the Kibana server to the browser.
#server.ssl.enabled: false
#server.ssl.certificate: /path/to/your/server.crt
#server.ssl.key: /path/to/your/server.key

# =================== System: Elasticsearch ===================
# The URLs of the Elasticsearch instances to use for all your queries.
elasticsearch.hosts: ["http://192.168.000.000:9200"]

# If your Elasticsearch is protected with basic authentication, these settings provide
# the username and password that the Kibana server uses to perform maintenance on the Kibana
# index at startup. Your Kibana users still need to authenticate with Elasticsearch, which
# is proxied through the Kibana server.
#elasticsearch.username: "kibana_system"
#elasticsearch.password: "pass"

# Kibana can also authenticate to Elasticsearch via "service account tokens".
# Service account tokens are Bearer style tokens that replace the traditional username/password based configuration.
# Use this token instead of a username/password.
# elasticsearch.serviceAccountToken: "my_token"

# Time in milliseconds to wait for Elasticsearch to respond to pings. Defaults to the value of
# the elasticsearch.requestTimeout setting.
#elasticsearch.pingTimeout: 1500

# Time in milliseconds to wait for responses from the back end or Elasticsearch. This value
# must be a positive integer.
#elasticsearch.requestTimeout: 30000

# The maximum number of sockets that can be used for communications with elasticsearch.
# Defaults to `Infinity`.
#elasticsearch.maxSockets: 1024

# Specifies whether Kibana should use compression for communications with elasticsearch
# Defaults to `false`.
#elasticsearch.compression: false

# List of Kibana client-side headers to send to Elasticsearch. To send *no* client-side
# headers, set this value to [] (an empty list).
#elasticsearch.requestHeadersWhitelist: [ authorization ]

# Header names and values that are sent to Elasticsearch. Any custom headers cannot be overwritten
# by client-side headers, regardless of the elasticsearch.requestHeadersWhitelist configuration.
#elasticsearch.customHeaders: {}

# Time in milliseconds for Elasticsearch to wait for responses from shards. Set to 0 to disable.
#elasticsearch.shardTimeout: 30000

# =================== System: Elasticsearch (Optional) ===================
# These files are used to verify the identity of Kibana to Elasticsearch and are required when
# xpack.security.http.ssl.client_authentication in Elasticsearch is set to required.
#elasticsearch.ssl.certificate: /path/to/your/client.crt
#elasticsearch.ssl.key: /path/to/your/client.key

# Enables you to specify a path to the PEM file for the certificate
# authority for your Elasticsearch instance.
#elasticsearch.ssl.certificateAuthorities: [ "/path/to/your/CA.pem" ]

# To disregard the validity of SSL certificates, change this setting's value to 'none'.
#elasticsearch.ssl.verificationMode: full

# =================== System: Logging ===================
# Set the value of this setting to off to suppress all logging output, or to debug to log everything. Defaults to 'info'
#logging.root.level: debug

# Enables you to specify a file where Kibana stores log output.
logging:
  appenders:
    file:
      type: file
      fileName: /var/log/kibana/kibana.log
      layout:
        type: json
  root:
    appenders:
      - default
      - file
#  layout:
#    type: json

# Logs queries sent to Elasticsearch.
#logging.loggers:
#  - name: elasticsearch.query
#    level: debug

# Logs http responses.
#logging.loggers:
#  - name: http.server.response
#    level: debug

# Logs system usage information.
#logging.loggers:
#  - name: metrics.ops
#    level: debug

# =================== System: Other ===================
# The path where Kibana stores persistent data not saved in Elasticsearch. Defaults to data
#path.data: data

# Specifies the path where Kibana creates the process ID file.
pid.file: /run/kibana/kibana.pid

# Set the interval in milliseconds to sample system and process performance
# metrics. Minimum is 100ms. Defaults to 5000ms.
#ops.interval: 5000

# Specifies locale to be used for all localizable strings, dates and number formats.
# Supported languages are the following: English (default) "en", Chinese "zh-CN", Japanese "ja-JP", French "fr-FR".
#i18n.locale: "en"

# =================== Frequently used (Optional)===================

# =================== Saved Objects: Migrations ===================
# Saved object migrations run at startup. If you run into migration-related issues, you might need to adjust these settings.

# The number of documents migrated at a time.
# If Kibana can't start up or upgrade due to an Elasticsearch `circuit_breaking_exception`,
# use a smaller batchSize value to reduce the memory pressure. Defaults to 1000 objects per batch.
#migrations.batchSize: 1000

# The maximum payload size for indexing batches of upgraded saved objects.
# To avoid migrations failing due to a 413 Request Entity Too Large response from Elasticsearch.
# This value should be lower than or equal to your Elasticsearch cluster’s `http.max_content_length`
# configuration option. Default: 100mb
#migrations.maxBatchSizeBytes: 100mb

# The number of times to retry temporary migration failures. Increase the setting
# if migrations fail frequently with a message such as `Unable to complete the [...] step after
# 15 attempts, terminating`. Defaults to 15
#migrations.retryAttempts: 15

# =================== Search Autocomplete ===================
# Time in milliseconds to wait for autocomplete suggestions from Elasticsearch.
# This value must be a whole number greater than zero. Defaults to 1000ms
#unifiedSearch.autocomplete.valueSuggestions.timeout: 1000

# Maximum number of documents loaded by each shard to generate autocomplete suggestions.
# This value must be a whole number greater than zero. Defaults to 100_000
#unifiedSearch.autocomplete.valueSuggestions.terminateAfter: 100000